against
英 [əˈɡenst]
美 [əˈɡenst]
prep. 反对; 与…相反; 逆; 违反; 对…不利; 紧靠; 倚; 碰; 撞
Oxford 3000 / Collins.5 / BNC.155 / COCA.180
习惯用语
prep.
- as against sth
- 与…相对照;和…相比较
in contrast with sth - They got 27% of the vote as against 32% at the last election.
这次选举他们得了27%的票,而上次他们得了32%。 the cards/odds are stacked against you - 形势对你不利
you are unlikely to succeed because the conditions are not good for you
牛津词典
prep.
- 反对;与…相反;逆;违反
opposing or disagreeing with sb/sth- the fight against terrorism
反对恐怖主义的斗争 - We're playing against the league champions next week.
下周我们要和联赛冠军队比赛。 - We were rowing against the current.
我们划船逆流而上。 - That's against the law.
那是违法的。 - She was forced to marry against her will.
她被迫违心地嫁了人。 - Are you for or against the death penalty?
你赞成还是反对死刑? - She is against seeing (= does not want to see) him.
她不想见他。 - I'd advise you against doing that.
我劝你别做那事。
- the fight against terrorism
- 对…不利
not to the advantage or favour of sb/sth- The evidence is against him.
证据对他不利。 - Her age is against her.
她的年龄对她不利。
- The evidence is against him.
- 紧靠;倚;碰;撞
close to, touching or hitting sb/sth- Put the piano there, against the wall.
把钢琴放在那儿,紧靠着墙。 - The rain beat against the windows.
雨点击打着窗户。
- Put the piano there, against the wall.
- 以防
in order to prevent sth from happening or to reduce the damage caused by sth- an injection against rabies
狂犬病预防注射 - They took precautions against fire.
他们采取了防火措施。 - Are we insured against theft?
我们保了盗窃险没有?
- an injection against rabies
- 以…为背景;衬托
with sth in the background, as a contrast- His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.
他的红衣服在白雪中格外显眼。 - The love story unfolds against a background of civil war.
这爱情故事以内战为背景展开。
- His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.
- 和…相比
used when you are comparing two things- You must weigh the benefits against the cost.
你一定要权衡利益与成本二者的得失。 - Check your receipts against the statement.
核对你的收据与结算单是否相符。 - What's the rate of exchange against the dollar?
与美元的兑换率是多少?
- You must weigh the benefits against the cost.
柯林斯词典
- PREP 紧靠;倚;碰
If one thing is leaning or pressingagainstanother, it is touching it.- She leaned against him...
她紧靠着他。 - On a table pushed against a wall there were bottles of beer and wine.
在一张靠墙的餐桌上有啤酒和葡萄酒。 - ...the rain beating against the window panes.
雨敲打着窗玻璃
- She leaned against him...
- PREP 反对(计划、政策、制度等)
If you areagainstsomething such as a plan, policy, or system, you think it is wrong, bad, or stupid.- Taxes are unpopular — it is understandable that voters are against them...
税收不受欢迎——选民们反对是可以理解的。 - Joan was very much against commencing drug treatment.
琼极力反对进行药物治疗。 - ...a march to protest against job losses.
反对失业的游行 - Againstis also an adverb.
- The vote for the suspension of the party was 283 in favour with 29 against.
关于暂时取缔该党的投票结果为283票赞成,29票反对。
- Taxes are unpopular — it is understandable that voters are against them...
- PREP 与…竞争;与…对阵
If you competeagainstsomeone in a game, you try to beat them.- The tour will include games against the Australian Barbarians...
这次巡回赛将包括和澳大利亚野人队的比赛。 - Billy Hardy has pulled out of his second fight against Noel Carroll after a training accident.
一次训练事故之后,比利·哈迪退出了和诺埃尔·卡罗尔的第二次比赛。
- The tour will include games against the Australian Barbarians...
- PREP 反对;对抗
If you take actionagainstsomeone or something, you try to harm them.- Security forces are still using violence against opponents of the government.
安全部队仍然在使用武力镇压反对政府的人。 - ...an upsurge in racism against immigrants...
对移民的种族歧视的高涨 - The demonstration itself was against the Government's new Community Charge.
游行本身反对的是政府新出台的“人头税”。
- Security forces are still using violence against opponents of the government.
- PREP 制止;预防;阻止
If you take actionagainsta possible future event, you try to prevent it.- ...the fight against crime...
打击犯罪 - They are arguing against hospital closures...
他们据理反对关闭医院。 - I must warn you against raising your hopes.
我必须警告你不要期望过高。
- ...the fight against crime...
- PREP 违背,违抗(愿望、劝告或命令)
If you do somethingagainstsomeone's wishes, advice, or orders, you do not do what they want you to do or tell you to do.- He didn't want to go against the wishes of the German government...
他不想违抗德国政府的意愿。 - He discharged himself from hospital against the advice of doctors.
他不顾医生的劝告自行出院了。
- He didn't want to go against the wishes of the German government...
- PREP 防备
If you do something in order to protect yourselfagainstsomething unpleasant or harmful, you do something which will make its effects on you less serious if it happens.- A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and flood...
公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。 - It has been claimed that wine helps protect against heart disease.
有人声称葡萄酒有助于预防心脏病。
- A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and flood...
- PHRASE 不喜欢;对…存有芥蒂
If youhavesomethingagainstsomeone or something, you dislike them.- Have you got something against women, Les?...
你对女性存有芥蒂吗,莱斯? - I have nothing against foreigners.
我对外国人并无芥蒂。
- Have you got something against women, Les?...
- PREP 违反(法律或规则)
If something isagainstthe law oragainstthe rules, there is a law or a rule which says that you must not do it.- It is against the law to detain you against your will for any length of time...
无论强制扣押多长时间都属违法。 - We thought cheating was against the rules.
我们认为作弊是违反规定的。
- It is against the law to detain you against your will for any length of time...
- PREP 迎着;逆着
If you are movingagainsta current, tide, or wind, you are moving in the opposite direction to it.- ...swimming upstream against the current...
逆流往上游泳 - They were going to sail around the little island, against the tide.
他们打算绕着小岛逆潮航行。
- ...swimming upstream against the current...
- PREP 以…为背景
If something happens or is consideredagainsta particular background of events, it is considered in relation to those events, because those events are relevant to it.- The Pope has sent a message appealing for unity in his homeland, against a background of divisions in the Solidarity movement...
团结运动中各派搞分裂,在此情况下教皇发出号召,呼吁祖国保持团结。 - The profits rise was achieved against a backdrop of falling metal prices.
在金属价格下跌的背景下,利润提高了。
- The Pope has sent a message appealing for unity in his homeland, against a background of divisions in the Solidarity movement...
- PREP 和…对比;对照
If something is measured or valuedagainstsomething else, it is measured or valued by comparing it with the other thing.- Our policy has to be judged against a clear test: will it improve the standard of education?...
对我们的政策作出评判必须根据一条明确的准则:它是否会提高教育的水准? - Check the operator's productivity against agreed targets...
根据既定目标检验操作员的效率。 - The US dollar is down against most foreign currencies today.
今天美元对大多数外汇的比价都有所下降。
- Our policy has to be judged against a clear test: will it improve the standard of education?...
- PHRASE 与…相对;与…比较
If you discuss a particular set of facts or figuresas againstanother set, you are comparing or contrasting the two sets of facts or figures.- Over 50% of divorced men regretted their divorce, as against 25% of women.
离婚男性中有50%以上后悔离婚,与此相对,女性只有25%。
- Over 50% of divorced men regretted their divorce, as against 25% of women.
- PREP 不利于
The oddsagainstsomething happening are the chances or odds that it will not happen.- The odds against him surviving are incredible.
他活下来的概率非常小。 - Againstis also an adverb.
- What were the odds against?
不利情况有哪些呢?
- The odds against him surviving are incredible.
- up against→ see:up
In addition to the uses shown below,againstis used in phrasal verbs such as ‘come up against’, ‘guard against’, and ‘hold against’.
除下列用法外,against还可用于come up against, guard against, hold against等短语动词中。
双语例句
- Our policy has to be judged against a clear test: will it improve the standard of education?
对我们的政策作出评判必须根据一条明确的准则:它是否会提高教育的水准? - Check the operator's productivity against agreed targets
根据既定目标检验操作员的效率。 - The Pope has sent a message appealing for unity in his homeland, against a background of divisions in the Solidarity movement
团结运动中各派搞分裂,在此情况下教皇发出号召,呼吁祖国保持团结。 - We thought cheating was against the rules.
我们认为作弊是违反规定的。 - It is against the law to detain you against your will for any length of time
无论强制扣押多长时间都属违法。 - You transgressed against the law.
你违法了。 - I must warn you against raising your hopes.
我必须警告你不要期望过高。 - A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and flood
公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。 - Security forces are still using violence against opponents of the government.
安全部队仍然在使用武力镇压反对政府的人。 - They were going to sail around the little island, against the tide.
他们打算绕着小岛逆潮航行。