dog

英 [dɒɡ]

美 [dɔːɡ]

n.  狗; 犬; 公狗; 公狐; 公狼; 赛狗
v.  (长期)困扰，折磨，纠缠; 跟踪; 尾随

复数：dogs　过去分词：dogged　过去式：dogged　现在分词：dogging　第三人称单数：dogs　

中考高考CET4考研BEC

Oxford 3000 / Collins.4 / BNC.819 / COCA.753

习惯用语

n.

(a case of) dog eat dog
• 残酷无情的竞争；损人利己的角逐；相互残杀
  a situation in business, politics, etc. where there is a lot of competition and people are willing to harm each other in order to succeed
• I'm afraid in this line of work it's a case of dog eat dog.
  恐怕在这种行业中竞争是残酷无情的。
• We're operating in a dog-eat-dog world.
  我们是在一个残酷竞争的世界里立足。
a dog in the manger
• 占马槽的狗；占着茅坑不拉屎的人
  a person who stops other people from enjoying what he or she cannot use or does not want
a dog's breakfast/dinner
• 乱七八糟；一团糟
  a thing that has been done badly
• He's made a real dog's breakfast of these accounts.
  他把这些账目简直搞得一塌糊涂。
a dog's life
• 悲惨的生活；牛马不如的生活
  an unhappy life, full of problems or unfair treatment
every dog has his/its day
• 人人皆有得意时
  everyone has good luck or success at some point in their life
give a dog a bad name
• 恶名难洗；名声一毁，万难挽回
  when a person already has a bad reputation, it is difficult to change it because others will continue to blame or suspect him/her
go to the dogs
• 败落；大不如前
  to get into a very bad state
• This firm's gone to the dogs since the new management took over.
  这个公司自新的管理人员接手以来日渐衰败。
not have a dog's chance
• 毫无机会；绝无可能
  to have no chance at all
• He hasn't a dog's chance of passing the exam.
  他根本不可能通过这次考试。
why keep a dog and bark yourself?
• 既然有人代劳，何必自己操劳
  if sb can do a task for you, there is no point in doing it yourself
the hair of the dog (that bit you)
• 用于解宿醉的酒
  alcohol that you drink in order to make you feel better when you have drunk too much alcohol the night before
be raining cats and dogs
• 下倾盆大雨
  to be raining heavily
(as) sick as a dog
• 病得很重；呕吐得厉害
  feeling very ill/sick; vomiting a lot
let sleeping dogs lie
• 过去的事就不要再提了；不要没事找事
  to avoid mentioning a subject or sth that happened in the past, in order to avoid any problems or arguments
the tail (is) wagging the dog
• （用以描述次要部分影响和支配主要部分）主次颠倒，喧宾夺主
  used to describe a situation in which the most important aspect is being influenced and controlled by sb/sth that is not as important
(you can't) teach an old dog new tricks
• 老大（不）可教；（无法）改变人们长时间形成的思想（或做事方法等）
  (you cannot) successfully make people change their ideas, methods of work, etc., when they have had them for a long time

柯林斯词典

• N-COUNT 狗;犬
  Adogis a very common four-legged animal that is often kept by people as a pet or to guard or hunt. There are many different breeds of dog.
  1. Outside, a dog was barking...
     外面，一只狗在叫。
  2. The dog growled again...
     狗又在狂吠。
  3. The British are renowned as a nation of dog lovers.
     英国人以爱犬而闻名。
• N-COUNT 公狗;犬科雄兽(雄狐、雄狼等)
  You usedogto refer to a male dog, or to the male of some related species such as wolves or foxes.
  1. Is this a dog or a bitch?
     这是公狗还是母狗?
  2. ...a dog fox.
     公狐狸
• 卑鄙小人;无赖
  If someone calls a man adog, they strongly disapprove of him.
• N-COUNT 蹩脚货;粗制滥造的东西
  People usedogto refer to something that they consider unsatisfactory or of poor quality.
  1. It's a real dog.
     这实在是蹩脚货。
• N-COUNT 丑女人
  If someone, especially a man, calls a woman or girl adog, they mean that she is very ugly, unattractive, or boring.
  1. How can you go out with her? She's a real dog.
     你怎么能和她谈恋爱呢？她简直就是个恐龙。
• VERB 困扰;折磨;纠缠
  If problems or injuriesdogyou, they are with you all the time.
  1. The problems that have dogged him all year are just a temporary setback...
     一时的挫折竟困扰了他一整年。
  2. His career has been dogged by bad luck.
     他在事业上一直不走运。
• （带有赌博性质的）赛狗会，跑狗
  The dogsis a sports meeting where dogs, especially greyhounds, race and people bet on which dog will win.
• See also:doggedguide dogprairie dogsniffer dog
• PHRASE 乱七八糟;一团糟
  You describe something as adog's breakfastordog's dinnerin order to express your disapproval of it, for example because it is very untidy, badly organized, or badly done.
  1. The whole place was a bit of a dog's dinner, really...
     整个地方乌烟瘴气的，真的。
  2. Our own Board are going to make a dog's breakfast out of it if we aren't careful.
     如果我们不小心行事，我们的董事会就会乱成一团。
• PHRASE 狗咬狗;残酷无情的竞争;自相残杀
  You usedog eat dogto express your disapproval of a situation where everyone wants to succeed and is willing to harm other people in order to do so.
  1. It is very much dog eat dog out there...
     那儿的竞争异常残酷。
  2. The TV business today is a dog-eat-dog business.
     当前电视业的竞争残酷无情。
• PHRASE 败落;大不如前
  If you say that somethingis going to the dogs, you mean that it is becoming weaker and worse in quality.
  1. They sit in impotent opposition while the country goes to the dogs.
     国家败落之际，他们加入了软弱无力的反对党。
• PHRASE 别惹麻烦;别多事
  If someone tells you tolet sleeping dogs lie, they are warning you not to disturb or interfere with a situation, because you are likely to cause trouble and problems.
  1. Why can't she let sleeping dogs lie?
     为什么她就不能不多事？
• 不接受新事物;不喜欢新玩意儿
  If you say 'You can't teach an old dog new tricks', you are suggesting that someone is unwilling to try new ways of doing things.

英英释义

noun

• a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times
  1. the dog barked all night
  Synonym:domestic dogCanis familiaris
• metal supports for logs in a fireplace
  1. the andirons were too hot to touch
  Synonym:andironfiredogdog-iron
• a hinged catch that fits into a notch of a ratchet to move a wheel forward or prevent it from moving backward
  Synonym:pawldetentclick
• a smooth-textured sausage of minced beef or pork usually smoked
  Synonym:frankfrankfurterhotdoghot dogwienerwienerwurstweenie
• someone who is morally reprehensible
  1. you dirty dog
  Synonym:cadbounderblackguardhoundheel
• informal term for a man
  1. you lucky dog
• a dull unattractive unpleasant girl or woman
  1. she got a reputation as a frump
  2. she's a real dog
  Synonym:frump

verb

• go after with the intent to catch
  1. The policeman chased the mugger down the alley
  2. the dog chased the rabbit
  Synonym:chasechase aftertrailtailtaggive chasego aftertrack

双语例句

• It's a real dog.
  这实在是蹩脚货。
• The British are renowned as a nation of dog lovers.
  英国人以爱犬而闻名。
• His career has been dogged by bad luck.
  他在事业上一直不走运。
• It is very much dog eat dog out there
  那儿的竞争异常残酷。
• I'm too old to have a dog now. I'm a cat woman.
  我太老了，养不了狗。我喜欢养猫。
• He dropped his sausage on the pavement and someone's dog ate it, mustard and all.
  他把香肠丢在人行道上，不知是谁家的狗将香肠甚至连带芥末都吃个了精光。
• She bought a hot dog from a stand on a street corner.
  她从街角的小摊上买了个热狗。
• The whole place was a bit of a dog's dinner, really
  整个地方乌烟瘴气的，真的。
• They sit in impotent opposition while the country goes to the dogs.
  国家败落之际，他们加入了软弱无力的反对党。
• My dog Jacques is drooling on my shoulder.
  我的狗雅克在我肩膀上流着口水。