so

英 [səʊ]

美 [soʊ]

adv.  (表示程度)这么，这样，那么，那样，如此; 很; 极; 不如…(这么…); 不像…(那样…)
conj.  (表示因果关系)因此，所以; (引出结果)因此; (表示目的)为了，以便

中考高考考研

Oxford 3000 / Collins.3 / BNC.48 / COCA.55

同义词辨析

accordinglyconsequentlyhencesothereforethus【导航词义：因此，所以】

习惯用语

adv.

and so forthand so on (and so forth)
• …等等
  used at the end of a list to show that it continues in the same way
• We discussed everything─when to go, what to see and so on.
  我们什么都商量过了——什么时候走、看什么等等。
… or so
• …左右；…上下
  used after a number, an amount, etc. to show that it is not exact
• There were twenty or so (= about twenty) people there.
  那儿有差不多二十个人。
• We stayed for an hour or so.
  我们待了一个小时左右。
so as to do sth
• 为了做某事；以便做某事
  with the intention of doing sth
• We went early so as to get good seats.
  为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。
so be it
• （表示完全接受）就那样好了
  used to show that you accept sth and will not try to change it or cannot change it
• If he doesn't want to be involved, then so be it.
  要是他不想参与，那就随他的便好了。
so much for sth
• （表示就某事讲完了）关于…就讲这么多，…到此为止
  used to show that you have finished talking about sth
• So much for the situation in Germany. Now we turn our attention to France.
  德国的形势就讲到这里。现在我们来看看法国的情况。
• （表示行不通或没用）作罢好了，快别提了
  used to suggest that sth has not been successful or useful
• So much for that idea!
  快别提那个主意了！
so… that
• 这样…为的是；如此…以至
  in such a way that
• The programme has been so organized that none of the talks overlap.
  日程做了精心安排，以使每一讲都没有重复内容。
(all) the more so because…
• （表示另外的重要原因）尤其因为
  used to give an important extra reason why sth is true
• His achievement is remarkable; all the more so because he had no help at all.
  他的成就是非同一般；由于他没有得到过任何帮助，更显不凡。

conj.

so what?
• （认为某事无关紧要，尤用于反驳他人的指责时）
  used to show that you think sth is not important, especially after sb has criticized you for it
• ‘He's fifteen years younger than you!’ ‘So what?’
  “他比你小十五岁呢！”“那又怎么啦？”
• So what if nobody else agrees with me?
  就算没有一个人赞成我的意见，那又怎么样？

牛津词典

adv.

• （表示程度）这么，这样，那么，那样，如此
  to such a great degree
  1. Don't look so angry.
     别那样怒气冲冲的。
  2. There's no need to worry so.
     没必要这样着急。
  3. She spoke so quietly (that) I could hardly hear her.
     她说话轻得我几乎听不见。
  4. I'm not so stupid as to believe that.
     我还不至于傻得连那样的话都相信。
  5. Would you be so kind as to lock the door when you leave?
     请您出来时把门锁上好吗？
• 很；极
  very; extremely
  1. I'm so glad to see you.
     见到你真高兴。
  2. We have so much to do.
     我们有很多事要做。
  3. Their attitude is so very English.
     他们的态度是十足的英格兰人的态度。
  4. The article was just so much (= nothing but) nonsense.
     那篇文章纯粹是胡说八道。
  5. He sat there ever so quietly.
     他静悄悄地坐在那儿。
  6. I do love it so.
     我实在是太喜欢它了。
• 不如…（这么…）；不像…（那样…）
  not to the same degree
  1. I haven't enjoyed myself so much for a long time.
     我好长时间没有这么快活了。
  2. It wasn't so good as last time.
     这次不如上次好。
  3. It's not so easy as you'd think.
     不像你想的那么容易。
  4. He was not so quick a learner as his brother.
     他学东西不像他哥哥那么快。
  5. It's not so much a hobby as a career (= more like a career than a hobby) .
     这与其说是消遣，不如说是职业。
  6. Off she went without so much as (= without even) a ‘goodbye’.
     她连声“再见”都没说就走了。
• （表示大小或数量）这么，那么
  used to show the size, amount or number of sth
  1. The fish was about so big (= said when using your hands to show the size) .
     那条鱼差不多有这么长。
  2. There are only so many (= only a limited number of) hours in a day.
     一天不过这么几个小时。
• （指刚说过的事物）这样，如此
  used to refer back to sth that has already been mentioned
  1. ‘Is he coming?’ ‘ I hope so .’
     “他来吗？”“我希望他来。”
  2. ‘Did they mind?’ ‘I don't think so .’
     “他们有没有介意？”“我想没有。”
  3. If she notices, she never says so .
     就算她留意到，她也从来不说。
  4. I might be away next week. If so , I won't be able to see you.
     下星期我可能外出。要是那样，我就见不到你了。
  5. We are very busy─ so much so that we won't be able to take time off this year.
     我们很忙——忙得今年都没时间休假了。
  6. Programs are expensive, and even more so if you have to keep altering them.
     买软件很贵，要是老得更换，那就更贵了。
  7. I hear that you're a writer─ is that so (= is that true) ?
     听说你是作家——是吗？
  8. He thinks I dislike him but that just isn't so.
     他以为我讨厌他，其实不是那么回事。
  9. George is going to help me, or so he says (= that is what he says) .
     乔治会帮我——他是这么说的。
  10. They asked me to call them and I did so (= I called) .
      他们要我叫他们，于是我就叫了。
• 也
  also
  1. Times have changed and so have I .
     时代变了，我也变了。
  2. ‘I prefer the first version.’ ‘ So do we .’
     “我喜欢第一稿。”“我们也是。”
• （尤指感到惊讶时表示同意）的确如此
  used to agree that sth is true, especially when you are surprised
  1. ‘You were there, too.’ ‘ So I was ─I'd forgotten.’
     “当时你也在那儿。”“是啊——我给忘了。”
  2. ‘There's another one.’ ‘ So there is .’
     “还有一个。”“可不是吗。”
• （常与否定词连用，置于形容词和名词短语前以加强语气）
  used, often with a negative, before adjectives and noun phrases to emphasize sth that you are saying
  1. He is so not the right person for you.
     他这个人绝对不适合你。
  2. That is so not cool.
     那实在不怎么样。
• （儿童常用以反驳对方）偏偏，就
  used, especially by children, to say that what sb says is not the case and the opposite is true
  1. ‘You're not telling the truth, are you?’ ‘I am, so!’
     “你说的不是实话，对不对？”“就是实话，就是！”
• （演示或描述事由）这样
  used when you are showing sb how to do sth or telling them how sth happened
  1. Stand with your arms out, so.
     两臂伸开站着，像这样。
  2. So it was that he finally returned home.
     就这样，他终于回到了家。

conj.

• （表示因果关系）因此，所以
  used to show the reason for sth
  1. It was still painful so I went to see a doctor.
     那地方还疼，因此我去看了医生。
• （引出结果）因此，所以
  used to show the result of sth
  1. Nothing more was heard from him so that we began to wonder if he was dead.
     此后再没收到他的消息，于是我们开始怀疑他是不是死了。
• （表示目的）为了，以便
  used to show the purpose of sth
  1. But I gave you a map so you wouldn't get lost!
     但我怕你迷路，给过你一张地图！
  2. She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time.
     她卖力地干着，为的是一切能够及时就序。
• （引出下文）
  used to introduce the next part of a story
  1. So after shouting and screaming for an hour she walked out in tears.
     就这样，又嚷又叫了一个小时后，她流着泪走了出来。
• （认为某事无关紧要，尤用于反驳他人的指责时）
  used to show that you think sth is not important, especially after sb has criticized you for it
  1. So I had a couple of drinks on the way home. What's wrong with that?
     我不过是在回家的路上喝了两杯。这怎么啦？
  2. ‘You've been smoking again.’ ‘So?’
     “你近来又抽烟了。”“抽又怎么啦？”
• （引出评论或问题）
  used to introduce a comment or a question
  1. So, let's see. What do we need to take?
     那么，大家想想，我们需要带什么？
  2. So, what have you been doing today?
     那你今天都干什么了？
• （引出结束语）
  used when you are making a final statement
  1. So, that's it for today.
     好，今天就讲到这里。
• （在问句中代指刚谈论的事）
  used in questions to refer to sth that has just been said
  1. So there's nothing we can do about it?
     这么说，我们就一点办法没有了？
  2. ‘I've just got back from a trip to Rome.’ ‘So, how was it?’
     “我去了一趟罗马，刚回来。”“是吗？怎么样？”
• （指出两种情况等相类似）
  used when stating that two events, situations, etc. are similar
  1. Just as large companies are having to cut back, so small businesses are being forced to close.
     大公司不得不紧缩，小企业则被迫关闭。

noun

noun

柯林斯词典

Usually pronounced /səʊ/ for meanings 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 16 and 17. 义项 1、6、7、8、9、16 和17下通常不重读。


• ADV 如此，这样(指已经提到的事)
  You usesoto refer back to something that has just been mentioned.
  1. 'Do you think that made much of a difference to the family?' — 'I think so.'...
     “你认为那会给这个家庭带来很大的变化吗?”——“我认为是这样的。”
  2. If you can't play straight, then say so...
     要是你无法做到诚实坦率，就直说吧。
  3. 'Is he the kind of man who can be as flexible as he needs to be?' — ' Well, I hope so.'...
     “他是那种能够灵活变通的人吗?”“嗯，希望如此。”
  4. Almost all young women who turn to prostitution do so as a means of survival.
     几乎所有从事卖淫的年轻女孩走这条路都是为了生存。
• ADV 同样，也一样(指后者跟前者一样)
  You usesowhen you are saying that something which has just been said about one person or thing is also true of another one.
  1. I enjoy Ann's company and so does Martin...
     我喜欢和安在一起，马丁也一样。
  2. They had a wonderful time and so did I...
     他们玩得很开心，我也一样。
  3. The police arrived, and so did reporters and a photographer from the 'Journal'.
     警察赶到了那里，《日报》的记者和摄影师也到了。
• CONJ-COORD (表示两个事件或情况在某方面相似)正如…，也…
  You use the structuresas...soandjust as...sowhen you want to indicate that two events or situations are similar in some way.
  1. As computer systems become even more sophisticated, so too do the methods of those who exploit the technology...
     正如计算机系统变得越来越先进，开发计算机技术的人所用的方法也日益先进了。
  2. Just as John has changed, so has his wife...
     约翰变了，他的妻子也变了。
  3. Just as the teacher plays the role of leader in the classroom, so does the headteacher play a leadership role in the school.
     在课堂上老师扮演着领导者的角色，同样，在学校里校长也充当着领导者的角色。
• ADV (指某一情况)就是这样，事实如此
  If you say that a state of affairsis so, you mean that it is the way it has been described.
  1. Gold has been a poor investment over the past 20 years, and will continue to be so...
     最近 20 年来投资黄金的收益很差，今后仍会如此。
  2. In those days English dances as well as songs were taught at school, but that seems no longer to be so...
     那时学校里教授英国舞蹈和英语歌曲，可是现在的情形似乎不再是这样了。
  3. It is strange to think that he held strong views on many things, but it must have been so.
     现在想来，当时他在许多事情上的观点都非常强硬，真是不可思议——可情况确实如此。
• ADV (向别人示范)这样，像这样;(用手势比划大小、高度或长度)这么，那么
  You can usesowith actions and gestures to show a person how to do something, or to indicate the size, height, or length of something.
  1. Clasp the chain like so.
     像这样扣上链子。
  2. ...holding the champagne glass with long red nails positioned just so.
     手指指甲又长又红，就这样握着香槟酒杯
• CONJ-SUBORD (用于引出结果)因此，所以
  You usesoandso thatto introduce the result of the situation you have just mentioned.
  1. I am not an emotional type and so cannot bring myself to tell him I love him...
     我不是一个感情外露的人，因此不会主动告诉他我爱他。
  2. People are living longer than ever before, so even people who are 65 or 70 have a surprising amount of time left...
     人们的寿命比以前任何时候都长了，所以即便到了 65 岁或 70 岁，余下的光阴也还很长。
  3. I was an only child, and so had no experience of large families...
     我是独生子，因此没有在大家庭里生活的经历。
  4. There was snow everywhere, so that the shape of things was difficult to identify.
     到处是雪，所以万物的形状都难以辨认。
• CONJ-SUBORD (用于引出原因)为了;以便
  You useso,so that, andso asto introduce the reason for doing the thing that you have just mentioned.
  1. Come to my suite so I can tell you all about this wonderful play I saw in Boston...
     到我的套房来吧，这样我就可以跟你好好讲讲我在波士顿看的这部非常棒的戏了。
  2. He took her arm and hurried her upstairs so that they wouldn't be overheard...
     他挽起她的手臂，带她匆匆上了楼，这样别人就听不见他们说的话了。
  3. I was beginning to feel alarm, but kept it to myself so as not to worry our two friends.
     我开始有点慌了，但仍旧不动声色，免得我们的两个朋友担心。
• ADV (在叙述过程中引出一系列事件中的下一件或说明两件事情之间的联系)此后，于是
  You can usesoin stories and accounts to introduce the next event in a series of events or to suggest a connection between two events.
  1. The woman asked if he could perhaps mend her fences, and so he stayed...
     女人问他能否给她修一修篱笆，于是他留了下来。
  2. She was free for five whole days, from Christmas Eve. And so she would be going to Charles, to join her family...
     她从圣诞夜开始有整整 5 天的自由时间，于是她准备去查尔斯跟家人呆在一起。
  3. I thought, 'Here's someone who'll understand me.' So I wrote to her...
     我想：“这个人会理解我的。”于是开始给她写信。
  4. He said he'd like to meet Sharon. So I said all right...
     他说想见见莎伦，我便说可以。
  5. And so Christmas passed.
     圣诞节就这么过去了。
• ADV (表示开始新话题、引入新问题或对刚说过的问题进行评论)那么，这么
  You can usesoin conversations to introduce a new topic, or to introduce a question or comment about something that has been said.
  1. So how was your day?...
     那么，你今天过得怎么样？
  2. So you're a runner, huh?...
     这么说，你是个跑步爱好者喽？
  3. So as for your question, Miles, the answer still has to be no...
     至于你的问题，迈尔斯，答案仍旧是否定的。
  4. So, as I said to you, natural medicine is also known as holistic medicine...
     那么，正如我对你说过的那样，自然医学也被称为整体医学。
  5. And so, to answer your question, that's why your mother is disappointed...
     现在可以回答你的问题了，你母亲失望的原因就在这里。
  6. 'I didn't find him funny at all.' — 'So you won't watch the show again then?'...
     “我一点也不觉得他有趣。”——“那么你不会再看那个节目了?”
  7. 'They're slow, heavy and cost a fortune.' — 'So how have these motorbikes become a fashion statement?'
     “它们又慢又重，还贵得很。”——“那么这些摩托车是怎样变成时尚标签的呢？”
• ADV (谈话中表示接受别人的说法)的确，确实
  You can usesoin conversations to show that you are accepting what someone has just said.
  1. 'It makes me feel, well, important.' — 'And so you are.'...
     “这使我觉得自己，嗯，很重要。”——“的确如此。”
  2. 'You can't possibly use this word.' — 'So I won't.'...
     “你绝不会使用这样的字眼。”——“我的确不会。”
  3. 'You know who Diana was, Grandfather.' — 'So I do!'...
     “爷爷，您知道戴安娜是谁吧？”——“我当然知道！”
  4. 'Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!' — 'So it is, madam.'...
     “怎么回事，这只是普普通通的蔬菜汤!”——“夫人，确实如此。”
  5. 'The car, Annie,' said Max rather grimly. — 'So okay, the car. What about it?'
     “安妮，那辆车，”马克斯颇为严厉地说。——“那么好吧，就说说那辆车。它是怎么回事？”
• CONVENTION (表示某人说的话无关紧要)那又怎样呢？
  You say 'So?' and 'So what?' to indicate that you think that something that someone has said is unimportant.
  1. 'My name's Bruno.' — 'So?'...
     “我是布鲁诺。”——“那又怎样?”
  2. 'You take a chance on the weather if you holiday in the UK.' — 'So what?'...
     “如果到英国度假，天气好不好得要碰运气。”——“那又如何？”
  3. I enjoy someone telling me I'm wonderful, but part of me thinks, 'So what? You won't say that tomorrow.'
     我喜欢听人家夸我很棒，但我转而又会想，“那又怎么样？明天你就不会这么说了。”
• ADV (用于形容词和副词之前强调所描述的特性)如此，这么，多么，太
  You can usesoin front of adjectives and adverbs to emphasize the quality that they are describing.
  1. 'I am so afraid,' Francis thought...
     弗朗西斯心想：“我害怕极了。”
  2. He was surprised they had married — they had seemed so different...
     他俩居然结婚了——这让他非常惊讶，因为他们实在是太不一样了。
  3. What is so compromising about being an employee of the state?
     当公务员有什么地方让人这么丢脸？
• ADV 如此…(以致…);到…的程度(以致…)
  You can useso...thatandso...asto emphasize the degree of something by mentioning the result or consequence of it.
  1. The tears were streaming so fast she could not see...
     眼泪哗哗地流下来，她的视线一下子就模糊了。
  2. The deal seems so attractive it would be ridiculous to say no...
     这笔交易看上去太诱人了，要是拒绝它简直是笑话。
  3. Frescoes are so familiar a feature of Italian churches that it is easy to take them for granted...
     壁画在意大利教堂里是司空见惯的，以至于人们往往会视而不见。
  4. He's not so daft as to listen to rumours.
     他没那么蠢，不会听信谣言的。
• See also:insofar as

So,very, andtoocan all be used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, an adverb, or a word likemuchormany. However, they are not used in the same way.Veryis the simplest intensifier. It has no other meaning beyond that.Socan suggest an emotional reaction on the part of the speaker, such as pleasure, surprise, or disappointment.John makes me so angry!... Oh thank you so much!Socan also refer forward to a result clause introduced bythat.The procession was forced to move so slowly that he arrived three hours late.Toosuggests an excessive or undesirable amount, often so much that a particular result does not or cannot happen.She does wear too much make-up at times... He was too late to save her.
so，very 和 too 都可以用来强调形容词、副词或 much，many 等词的意思，但用法有所不同。very 是最简单的强调词，除强调以外没有其他含义。so 可以表达说话人的情感，如喜悦、惊讶或失望等，例如：John makes me so angry (约翰真是让我生气)，Oh thank you so much (实在是太谢谢您啦)。so 还可以和 that 引导的结果状语从句相呼应，例如：The procession was forced to move so slowly that he arrived three hours late (由于行进队伍被迫缓慢进行，结果他迟到了 3 个小时)。too 表示数量过多或不尽如人意，常常导致没有或无法达到某一结果，例如：She does wear too much make-up at times (有时她化的妆确实太浓了)，He was too late to save her (他来得太晚了，没能救得了她)。

• PHRASE 及诸如此类;等等
  You useand so onorand so forthat the end of a list to indicate that there are other items that you could also mention.
  1. ...the Government's policies on such important issues as health, education, tax and so on...
     政府在卫生、教育、税收等等重大问题上的政策
  2. The patient can have apples, apple juice, apple sauce, and so forth.
     病人可以食用苹果、苹果汁、苹果酱等。
• PHRASE (指某事有一定限度，但未言明具体限度)这么多，这么些，到这种程度
  You useso muchandso manywhen you are saying that there is a definite limit to something but you are not saying what this limit is.
  1. There is only so much time in the day for answering letters...
     白天回复信件的时间只有这么多。
  2. There is only so much fuel in the tank and if you burn it up too quickly you are in trouble...
     油箱里面的油只有这么多了，你要是太快把油耗光可就麻烦了。
  3. Even the greatest city can support only so many lawyers.
     即使最大的城市能养活的律师也只有这么多。
• PHRASE 与其说是…不如说是…
  You use the structuresnot...so muchandnot so much...asto say that something is one kind of thing rather than another kind.
  1. I did not really object to Will's behaviour so much as his personality...
     我与其说是反感威尔的行为，不如说是讨厌他的为人。
  2. A good birth depends not so much on who you are but where you are and how much you know.
     好的出身与其说是取决于你的身份，还不如说是取决于你的生活环境和知识水平。
• PHRASE …左右;…上下
  You useor sowhen you are giving an approximate amount.
  1. Though rates are heading down, they still offer real returns of 8% or so...
     尽管利率在下降，它们仍然能提供 8%左右的实际收益率。
  2. Matt got me a room there for a week or so when I first came here...
     我初次来到这里的时候，马特找了个房间让我住了大约一个星期。
  3. The driver usually spends four hours or so helping to load and prepare his lorry.
     司机通常花 4 小时左右的时间帮忙装货和打理货车。
• so much the better→ see:better

英英释义

noun

• the syllable naming the fifth (dominant) note of any musical scale in solmization
  Synonym:solsoh

adv

• in truth (often tends to intensify)
  1. they said the car would break down and indeed it did
  2. it is very cold indeed
  3. was indeed grateful
  4. indeed, the rain may still come
  5. he did so do it!
  Synonym:indeed
• (used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result
  1. therefore X must be true
  2. the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
  3. we were young and thence optimistic
  4. it is late and thus we must go
  5. the witness is biased and so cannot be trusted
  Synonym:thereforehencethencethus
• subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)
  1. then he left
  2. go left first, then right
  3. first came lightning, then thunder
  4. we watched the late movie and then went to bed
  5. and so home and to bed
  Synonym:thenand soand then
• in a manner that facilitates
  1. he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior
  2. he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
• in the way indicated
  1. hold the brush so
  2. set up the pieces thus
  Synonym:thusthusly
• to a very great extent or degree
  1. the idea is so obvious
  2. never been so happy
  3. I love you so
  4. my head aches so!
• (usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed
  1. he was so tired he could hardly stand
  2. so dirty that it smells
• in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied
  1. They're happy and I hope they will remain so
  2. so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
• to a certain unspecified extent or degree
  1. I can only go so far with this student
  2. can do only so much in a day
• in the same way
  1. I was offended and so was he
  2. worked hard and so did she

双语例句

• I did not really object to Will's behaviour so much as his personality
  我与其说是反感威尔的行为，不如说是讨厌他的为人。
• There is only so much time in the day for answering letters
  白天回复信件的时间只有这么多。
• Just as John has changed, so has his wife
  约翰变了，他的妻子也变了。
• There was snow everywhere, so that the shape of things was difficult to identify.
  到处是雪，所以万物的形状都难以辨认。
• The woman asked if he could perhaps mend her fences, and so he stayed
  女人问他能否给她修一修篱笆，于是他留了下来。
• Just as the teacher plays the role of leader in the classroom, so does the headteacher play a leadership role in the school.
  在课堂上老师扮演着领导者的角色，同样，在学校里校长也充当着领导者的角色。
• If you can't play straight, then say so
  要是你无法做到诚实坦率，就直说吧。
• Come to my suite so I can tell you all about this wonderful play I saw in Boston
  到我的套房来吧，这样我就可以跟你好好讲讲我在波士顿看的这部非常棒的戏了。
• 'My name's Bruno.' — 'So?'
  “我是布鲁诺。”——“那又怎样？”
• 'It makes me feel, well, important.' — 'And so you are.'
  “这使我觉得自己，嗯，很重要。”——“的确如此。”