this

英 [ðɪs]

美 [ðɪs]

det./pron.  (指较近的人或事物)这，这个; (指已提到过的人或事物)这; (介绍人或展示事物时用)这，这样
adv.  这样; 这么

中考高考考研

Oxford 3000 / Collins.5 / BNC.23 / COCA.20

习惯用语

pron.

this and thatthis, that and the other
• 这样那样；各种事情；各种各样的活动
  various things or activities
• ‘What did you talk about? ’ ‘Oh, this and that.’
  “你们谈什么来着？”“噢，无所不谈。”

牛津词典

det.

pron.

• （指较近的人或事物）这，这个
  used to refer to a particular person, thing or event that is close to you, especially compared with another
  1. How long have you been living in this country?
     你在这个国家居住多久啦？
  2. Well, make up your mind. Which do you want? This one or that one?
     哎，拿定主意。你要哪一个？这个还是那个？
  3. I think you'll find these more comfortable than those.
     我想你会觉得这些比那些更舒适。
  4. Is this your bag?
     这是你的包吗？
• （指已提到过的人或事物）这，这个
  used to refer to sth/sb that has already been mentioned
  1. There was a court case resulting from this incident.
     这一事件引起一宗庭审案件。
  2. The boy was afraid and the dog had sensed this.
     男孩害怕了，狗已经察觉到这一点。
  3. What's this I hear about you getting married?
     我听说你结婚了，这是怎么回事？
• （介绍人或展示事物时用）这，这样
  used for introducing sb or showing sth to sb
  1. Hello, this is Maria Diaz (= on the telephone) .
     喂，我是玛丽亚∙迪亚兹。
  2. Jo, this is Kate (= when you are introducing them) .
     乔，这位是凯特。
  3. This is the captain speaking.
     我是船长。
  4. Listen to this.
     听听这个。
  5. Do it like this (= in the way I am showing you) .
     照这样去做。
• （与和现在有关的一段时间连用）今，本，这个，现在
  used with periods of time related to the present
  1. this week/month/year
     本周 / 月；今年
  2. I saw her this morning (= today in the morning) .
     今天早晨我见到过她。
  3. Do you want me to come this Tuesday (= Tuesday of this week) or next Tuesday?
     你要我本周二还是下周二来？
  4. Do it this minute (= now) .
     现在就做。
  5. He never comes to see me these days (= now, as compared with the past) .
     近来他一直不来看我。
• （尤指说话者抱有既定看法的人或事物）…的这个（或这些）
  used to refer to sb/sth that is connected with a person, especially when you have a particular attitude towards it or them
  1. These new friends of hers are supposed to be very rich.
     她的这些新朋友想必都很富有。
• （述说时用）有个
  used when you are telling a story or telling sb about sth
  1. There was this strange man sitting next to me on the plane.
     在飞机上有个奇怪的人坐在我身旁。
  2. I've been getting these pains in my chest.
     我胸部一直有一些疼痛感。

adv.

• 这样；这么
  to this degree; so
  1. It's about this high (= as high as I am showing you with my hands) .
     大约有这么高。
  2. I didn't think we'd get this far.
     我未曾想到我们会走得这么远。

柯林斯词典

The determiner is pronounced /ðɪs/. In other cases, this is pronounced /'ðis/. 限定词读作 /ðɪs/，其他情况下在句中作重读。


• DET (指代先前提及的人或物)这，这个
  You usethisto refer back to a particular person or thing that has been mentioned or implied.
  1. When food comes out of any oven, it should stand a while. During this delay the centre carries on cooking...
     食物出炉后都应该静置一会。在此期间，中心部分还在继续加热。
  2. On 1 October the US suspended a proposed $574 million aid package for 1991. Of this amount, $250 million is for military purchases.
     10 月 1 号，美国暂停了拟议中的一项 1991 年度总计 5.74 亿美元的一揽子援助方案，这其中有 2.5 亿美元是用于军事采购的。
  3. Thisis also a pronoun.
     
  4. I don't know how bad the injury is, because I have never had one like this before.
     我不知道伤得有多重，因为以前从没受过这样的伤。
• PRON (引出将要谈论的人或物)下面(这个)，以下
  You usethisto introduce someone or something that you are going to talk about.
  1. This is what I will do. I will telephone Anna and explain.
     下面是我要做的：我要给安娜打电话解释清楚。
  2. Thisis also a determiner.
     
  3. This report is from David Cook of our Science Unit: 'Why did the dinosaurs become extinct?'
     以下是来自我们科学部的戴维·库克的报道：“为什么恐龙灭绝了？”
• PRON 这一点(指前一句或几句话中提到的观点或情况)
  You usethisto refer back to an idea or situation expressed in a previous sentence or sentences.
  1. You feel that it's uneconomic to insist that people work together in groups. Why is this?...
     你觉得要求大家分组工作不划算，这是为什么呢？
  2. A job is pretty much nine-to-five. Is this what you feel would make you happy?
     工作时间多数是朝九晚五，你觉得这样会让你感觉愉快吗？
  3. Thisis also a determiner.
     
  4. There have been continual demands for action by the political authorities to put an end to this situation.
     各方不断要求政府当局采取行动来结束这种局面。
• DET (叙述时引出新出现的人或物)这个，一个
  In spoken English, people usethisto introduce a person or thing into a story.
  1. I came here by chance and was just watching what was going on, when this girl attacked me...
     我碰巧来到这儿，正看着热闹，突然一个女孩袭击了我。
  2. So I just walked up the steps into this big, beautiful church.
     于是我就拾级而上，走进了这座漂亮的大教堂。
• PRON 这个，这位(尤指所触碰或指向的离自己较近的人或物，有两个以上时，用于指最近的一个)
  You usethisto refer to a person or thing that is near you, especially when you touch them or point to them. When there are two or more people or things near you,thisrefers to the nearest one.
  1. 'If you'd prefer something else I'll gladly have it changed for you.' — 'No, this is great.'...
     “您要是喜欢别的，我很乐意帮您调换一下。”——“不用了，这个挺好。”
  2. 'Is this what you were looking for?' Bradley produced the handkerchief...
     “你刚才找的是不是这个？”布拉德利掏出那块手绢。
  3. This is my colleague, Mr Arnold Landon.
     这位是我的同事，阿诺德·兰登先生。
  4. Thisis also a determiner.
     
  5. This church was built in the eleventh century.
     这座教堂修建于 11 世纪。
• PRON 这个，这(指代正在发生或刚刚发生的与自己有关的一般情况、活动或事件)
  You usethiswhen you refer to a general situation, activity, or event which is happening or has just happened and which you feel involved in.
  1. I thought, this is why I've travelled thousands of miles...
     我想，这就是我为何不远千里赶来的原因。
  2. Tim, this is awful. I know what you must think, but it's not so...
     蒂姆，这可糟了。我知道你心里在想什么，但实际情况不是这样的。
  3. Is this what you want to do with the rest of your life?
     这就是你后半辈子想要做的事情吗？
• DET 这，该，此(指当前所处地点或时间)
  You usethiswhen you refer to the place you are in now or to the present time.
  1. We've stopped transporting weapons to this country by train...
     我们已停止用火车向该国运送武器。
  2. This place is run like a hotel ought to be run...
     这个地方的经营方式就是旅馆应该有的样子。
  3. I think coffee is probably the best thing at this point...
     我认为此时喝杯咖啡是最赞的了。
  4. Nothing seems certain in this crucial period in Pakistan's political life.
     在巴基斯坦政治历史上的这个紧要关头，一切皆非定数。
  5. Thisis also a pronoun.
     
  6. This is the worst place I've come across...
     这是我见过的最差的地方。
  7. This could have been one of the coldest golf tournaments on record.
     这很可能是高尔夫锦标赛比赛史上天气最为寒冷的一次。
• DET 本，今，这个，下一个(指接下来将要发生某事的特定时间)
  You usethisto refer to the next occurrence in the future of a particular day, month, season, or festival.
  1. ...this Sunday's 7.45 performance...
     本周日 7 点 45 分的表演
  2. We're getting married this June...
     我们准备今年 6 月结婚。
  3. Jordan's own-label collection of sweatshirts, T-shirts and caps will be available this Christmas.
     乔丹自有品牌的运动衫、T恤衫和帽子系列将于今年圣诞节上市。
• ADV 这么，这样(用于用手比划大小、形状时)
  You usethiswhen you are indicating the size or shape of something with your hands.
  1. They'd said the wound was only about this big you see and he showed me with his fingers.
     他们说伤口只有这么一点大，他还用手指比划给我看。
• ADV 这么，这样(用于说明自己知道或能告知的内容)
  You usethiswhen you are going to specify how much you know or how much you can tell someone.
  1. I am not going to reveal what my seven-year plan is, but I will tell you this much, if it works out, the next seven years will be very interesting.
     我不想透露我的七年计划的具体内容，不过有一点可以告诉你，如果顺利实施，今后的七年将非常有意义。
• CONVENTION 是这样;确实
  If you saythis is it, you are agreeing with what someone else has just said.
  1. 'You know, people conveniently forget the things they say.' — 'Well this is it.'
     “你知道，人们会选择性地忘记自己说过的话。”——“嗯，是这样。”
• PRON (用于电话、广播或电视中，表明身份或所代表的机构)我是，这里是
  You usethisin order to say who you are or what organization you are representing, when you are speaking on the telephone, radio, or television.
  1. Hello, this is John Thompson...
     喂，我是约翰·汤普森。
  2. 'Hello, is this Raymond Brown?' — 'Yeah, who's this?'...
     “喂，是雷蒙德·布朗吗？”——“对，您是哪位？”
  3. This is NPR, National Public Radio.
     这里是NPR，国家公共电台。
• DET 这个(指说话、写作时的媒介)
  You usethisto refer to the medium of communication that you are using at the time of speaking or writing.
  1. What I'm going to do in this lecture is focus on something very specific...
     我在今天的讲座中将主要探讨一些非常具体的问题。
  2. What a book can do, and what this one will try to accomplish, is to present examples of how life can be made more enjoyable...
     一本书能做到的，也是本书努力实现的，就是列举一些例子说明如何让生活变得更加愉快。
  3. Later in this chapter, I recommend several specific steps we need to take.
     在本章后面部分，我将提出几个我们需要采取的具体步骤。
• See also:these
• PHRASE 各种各样的东西;这样那样
  If you say that you are doing or talking aboutthis and that, orthis, that, and the otheryou mean that you are doing or talking about a variety of things that you do not want to specify.
  1. 'And what are you doing now?' — 'Oh this and that.'
     “那你现在在做什么呢？”——“哦，瞎忙。”
  2. I want to make a point about all these charges going up, water rates and all this that and the other.
     我想就水费及其他各种各样费用的上涨谈谈看法。

双语例句

• 'If you'd prefer something else I'll gladly have it changed for you.' — 'No, this is great.'
  “您要是喜欢别的，我很乐意帮您调换一下。”——“不用了，这个挺好。”
• I want to make a point about all these charges going up, water rates and all this that and the other.
  我想就水费及其他各种各样费用的上涨谈谈看法。
• I think coffee is probably the best thing at this point
  我认为此时喝杯咖啡是最赞的了。
• 'Hello, is this Raymond Brown?' — 'Yeah, who's this?'
  “喂，是雷蒙德·布朗吗？”——“对，您是哪位？”
• Hello, this is John Thompson
  喂，我是约翰·汤普森。
• Jordan's own-label collection of sweatshirts, T-shirts and caps will be available this Christmas.
  乔丹自有品牌的运动衫、T恤衫和帽子系列将于今年圣诞节上市。
• This is what I will do. I will telephone Anna and explain.
  下面是我要做的：我要给安娜打电话解释清楚。
• You feel that it's uneconomic to insist that people work together in groups. Why is this?
  你觉得要求大家分组工作不划算，这是为什么呢？
• So I just walked up the steps into this big, beautiful church.
  于是我就拾级而上，走进了这座漂亮的大教堂。
• This place is run like a hotel ought to be run
  这个地方的经营方式就是旅馆应该有的样子。